Explore the ways in which Willy Russell makes use of language differences in act 2 scene 2

Willy Russell wrote the play in 1982 and was one of the best he wrote because of the fact that he emphasizes the differences between the rich and poor. Willy Russell was born in Whiston, near Liverpool, in 1947. He left school at the age of 15 where he worked as a hairdresser until he was 20 years old, where he then returned to school to complete his education. Their he began to write his first play called Blind Scouse, which was taken to the Edinburgh festival and noticed by a representative of the Everyman Theatre. They then went on to produce the world premieres of many of his plays, most of which transferred successfully to the west end. Throughout this play dramatic irony is used, this is where the audience knows something one or more of the caracters on stage don't know. Willy Russell uses this to emphasize the differences between the classes more. Stage directions are very important for somebody who has not seen the play and is just reading the play, this is because they help you create mental picture of whats going on in the play. The play repeatedly shows cultural differences though the way the boys speak throughout the play. An example of this is when Edward says â€Å"your a fuck off† showing his misunderstanding in the use of swear words, this contrasts to hen Micky says â€Å"take a flying fuck at a dounut† which shows his understanding and exposure to swear words as he has grown up. Another contrast in the boys language is when Micky says â€Å"It's a thingy, init† referring to a dictionary which shows lack of education because he doesn't know what a dictionary is. Where as when Edward says â€Å"Fantastic, I will look that up in the dictionary when i get home†, Edwards understanding of what a dictionary is and how it is used shows his intelligence and class. The audience would think that Edward is very intellectual in contrast to Mickey. One thing that the audience would be taken a back by would e the part in the play when Linda first sees Edward and says he's â€Å"handsome† even though Mickey and Edward are identical twins! This is because Edward has a overall better appearance than Mickey because he comes from a big house, has smart clothes and is clean which contrasts with Mikeys trodden down clothes and dirty appearance. I think Willy Russell is trying to say that people who come from a richer culture have a better chance at most things in life as is shown in this example. Another theme which repeatedly crops up during the play is the superstition and is shown in the beginning of the play where Mrs. Johnstone says â€Å"You never put new shoes on the table† which prompts Mrs. Lyons to ask â€Å"So, your superstitious? † to which Mrs. Johnstone replies â€Å"No I'm not, you just don't put new shoes on the table. † This shows an lack of understanding in the lower class because Mrs. Johnstone didn't even understand what superstition was. The audience would see how Willy Russell shows the difference between upper and lower class citizens. Adults are used thoughout the play to represent the boys, make the play more humorous and also because of the fact that some people might be offended if they see young boys swearing on stage.

Writing Tips How to Use Commas and Semicolons

Writing Tips How to Use Commas and Semicolons â€Å"Comma v.  Semicolon? Aaargh!! I’ll just pick one†¦ I figure I have a 50% chance of getting it right.† Does this sound like you? If so, you’ve come to the right place. Let’s raise your average with these writing tips. Did you know you can HEAR the difference? The first thing I like to talk about with commas vs. semicolons is the sound of them. Commas are a pause with an invitation to continue, whereas semicolons are a full stop. You will be able to hear the difference. Read the following sentences aloud, paying attention to the *sound* of the punctuation: [CORRECT] In high school I was certain of my academic strengths; the daughter and younger sister of doctors, I excelled in math and science and dreaded every English course I was ever forced to take. [CORRECT] I took a wide variety of classes, from psychology and sociology to business and criminal justice, hoping to find something, whether it were a class or a specific topic, that captivated my interest. [CORRECT] Addison’s Disease is a chronic adrenal insufficiency that leads to liver failure, kidney failure, effusions, and in some cases, death; I was determined that it would not kill my brother. Can you hear how your inflection goes up with each comma, and down with each semicolon? The upward inflection of the comma makes us think there is something more coming. The sound of a semicolon, on the other hand, is often the same sound that comes along with a period. It is more final. If you didn’t get that the first time around, go ahead and read the sentences above again, until you hear it. Why is it useful to know how a punctuation mark sounds? It allows you to read your sentence aloud and to determine whether you’ve chosen correctly. If you have a semicolon in your sentence but the inflection sounds right going up, you know to switch it to a comma. And vice versa. Also, on a more basic level, if you find yourself pausing and inflecting upward and yet you have no comma there at all, add one! Here’s an example: [INCORRECT] I have learned a lot about myself, and my capabilities throughout my career. See how you want to pause and inflect upward after â€Å"capabilities† because of the comma after â€Å"myself†? Add a comma! [CORRECT] I have learned a lot about myself, and my capabilities, throughout my career. Or just delete the comma after â€Å"myself† and the inflection changes: [CORRECT] I have learned a lot about myself and my capabilities throughout my career. One more example: [INCORRECT] Although, I had many successful closings, there were always a few that were unsuccessful. Why put a comma after â€Å"Although† when you would not pause here when speaking? [CORRECT] Although I had many successful closings, there were always a few that were unsuccessful. I hope this lesson listening for commas v. semicolons was helpful. Category:Grammar Writing TipsBy Brenda BernsteinOctober 24, 2010 8 Comments The Essay Expert says: October 26, 2010 at 8:59 am Thanks for the comment Jackie. Now listen for whether you want a full stop or a pause between Good Stuff and I often struggle. Could these be two sentences standing on their own? If so look at using a semi-colon! Log in to Reply The Essay Expert says: October 26, 2010 at 11:42 am Ill work on that Beth! Log in to Reply Eric Nilsson says: June 27, 2012 at 11:40 am Dear Essay Expert, I dont quite agree with the comment that a semi-colon represents a full stop; I see it rather as a long pause. A full stop is a period and, when you think about it, a semi-colon is a combination of a pause and a stop (period on top and comma on bottom). Perhaps, because I love commas, I could be considered a Comma-adore (pronounce the a sound only once). Log in to Reply The Essay Expert says: June 27, 2012 at 11:47 am Thanks for your comment Eric. In my mind, the semi-colon, when used to separate what could be two full sentences, is closer to a full stop than to a pause; in a list of long items, the semi-colon inserts a long pause. My opinion: When used to separate two potentially distinct sentences, the semi-colon serves to connect two thoughts so related to each other that a period would serve as too wide of a separation. Log in to Reply Xelor says: March 20, 2019 at 6:05 am Dear Ms. Bernstein, Kudos and thanks for sharing your inflection-based pedagogy for comma and semicolon use. I found myself tutoring a teen for whom the sentence-structure approach learning rules about and how to recognize independent and subordinate clauses, appositives, parenthetical remarks, and coordinating conjunctions was as recondite as quantum mechanics. Moreover, I know well enough how to punctuate and had helped my own kids (all grown now) master a smattering of grammars nuances, I was anxious over the prospect of having to help a child who hadnt fully grasped the basics; thus I Googled for guidance. Using the search term inflective comma, I noticed your site among Googles first few results. It is just what the doctor ordered. I delivered an overview of what commas and semicolons do, telling my charge that if what precedes and follows the punctuation mark he inserted can stand alone as a complete sentence, use a semicolon; otherwise, use a comma. Imperfect guidance, yes, but given where the boy was, it seemed as fitting as any place to start. Next, I had him read this webpage, whereafter I clarified bits about which he inquired. Lastly, after telling him its called punctuation because its the written indicator of changes in a speakers voice, I suggested he simply speak his sentences in his head and listen for the pauses, variances in tone and emphasis, and so on, and simply toss in a comma where his inflection changes. What a difference! The young man, in mere minutes, went from period-only punctuation to near perfect. He was a little comma happy, but, hey, he used them, and, in turn, his voice came through, which, most importantly, means readers can unequivocally discern his meaning. The boys bright, his thoughts coherent, and on the strength of that, hes been a B-student; however, his poor punctuation has kept him from being an A-student. Hes got a graded writing assignment due Friday, so well see what happens and go from there. With any luck, hell soon be ready for em dashes, hyphens and ellipses. Whoo hoo! So, on his behalf and mine, thank you for maintaining this website. It was an inspirational godsend for me and a palpable aid for the young man Im tutoring. As didactic Internet content goes, one cant ask for more. Cheers, Xelor P.S. I dont know how the boy, whos a tenth grader, became a poor punctuator; maybe he skipped class on those days. Who knows? Its obvious, however, that between about the seventh and tenth grades, none of his teachers have acted to correct what is clearly but a mechanical issue, one that, given the boys manifested acumen and critical thinking skill, could long ago have been corrected. Perhaps they felt his earning Bs was good enough to obviate their bothering to intervene? In any case, their omission thus has unquestionably resulted in the boys grades and GPA being lower than he deserves. Who knows what impact that may have on his college prospects? Whatever affect it has, it likely wont be positive, and thats a doggone shame. Log in to Reply Brenda Bernstein says: March 20, 2019 at 6:21 am Thanks so much for sharing this story, Xelor! As a blogger, I never know what impact my writing will have, and I’m so thrilled I helped in this way. Your message was very well punctuated btw! Watch out for affect/effect 😉. Log in to Reply Xelor says: March 20, 2019 at 7:28 am Youre welcome. Im glad, then, that I bothered to share a little anecdote affirming for you that your contribution to the Internet has positively affected at least two people. The affect error is my bad; I didnt carefully proofread my remarks, behavior, or lack thereof, really, thats typical of my postings on the Internet. Failing to proofread results occasionally in my publicly making errors I know better than to make. The affect/effect error is an unusual one for me insofar as Im an old school dude who thinks impact is only a noun and effect is both a noun and verb. FWIW, affect/effect sentence began as I dont know how thatll affect his college acceptance outcomes, but in revising it, I left affect, but I cant say why. Worse, in my mind is the omission of a coordinating conjunction yet would have done nicely in the sentence that begins with moreover. Oh, wellwe all make mistakes, but hopefully not too many. LOL God bless and all the best, Xelor Log in to Reply Brenda Bernstein says: March 20, 2019 at 8:25 am Hi Xelor, I figured there was an explainable oversight here. I am all-too-familiar with errors that come from editing. And I definitely observed that your grammar is meticulous! By the way, I try to keep impact as a noun as well. Log in to Reply

How Dragonflies Males Find and Mate with Females

How Dragonflies Males Find and Mate with Females Dragonfly sex is a rough-and-tumble affair. If youve ever seen a pair of mating dragonflies in the act, you know that their sexual coupling requires the flexibility and acrobatic skill of a Cirque de Soleil performer. Females get bitten, males get scratched, and sperm winds up everywhere. These strange mating habits have survived millions of years of evolution, so the dragonflies must know what theyre doing, right? Lets take a closer look at how dragonflies mate. How Dragonfly Males Find Receptive  Females Dragonflies dont engage in elaborate courtship rituals. In a few dragonfly families, the male might display his colors or fly over his territory to show a potential mate what a good oviposition site hes chosen for their offspring, but thats about it. Since dragonflies have extraordinarily good vision, the males rely mostly on their eyesight to find appropriate female partners. A typical pond or lake habitat will support many species of dragonflies and damselflies. To succeed in passing on his DNA, a male dragonfly must be able to distinguish females of his own species from all the other Odonates flying around. He can recognize a conspecific female by observing her flight style, her colors and patterns, and her size. How Dragonflies Mate (and the Wheel Formation) As with many insects, male dragonflies make the first move to initiate sex. When a male spots a female of his own species, he must first subdue her. Hell approach her from behind, usually while they are both in flight, and hold onto her thorax with his legs. He might bite her, too. If he hopes to mate successfully, he must get a firm  grip on her quickly. He pulls his abdomen forward and uses his anal appendages, a pair of cerci, to clasp her by the neck (her prothorax). After he has her tightly by the neck, he extends his body and continues to fly with her, in tandem. This position is known as tandem linkage. Now that hes got a hold of a mate, the male dragonfly prepares for sex. Dragonflies have secondary sex organs, meaning they dont store sperm near the copulatory organ. He must transfer some sperm from a gonopore, on his ninth abdominal segment, to his penis, which is located under his second abdominal segment. After hes charged his seminal vesicle with sperm, hes ready to go. Now for the acrobatics. Somewhat inconveniently, the females genital opening is near her thorax, while the males penis is closer to the tip of his abdominal segments (on the underside of his second segment). She has to bend her abdomen forward, sometimes with coaxing from the male, to bring her genitalia into contact with his penis. This position during copulation is known as a wheel formation because the couple forms a closed circle with their joined bodies; it is unique to the order Odonata. In dragonflies, the sex organs lock together briefly (not so for damselflies). Some dragonflies will mate in flight, while others will retire to a nearby perch to consummate their relationship. Competition Among Male Dragonflies If given the opportunity, a female dragonfly might mate with multiple partners, but the sperm from her final sexual partner will fertilize her eggs, in most cases. Male dragonflies, therefore, have an incentive to make sure their sperm is the last to be deposited in her. A male dragonfly can increase his chances of fatherhood by destroying the sperm of his competitors, and hes well equipped to do so when he mates. Some dragonflies have backward-facing hooks or barbs on their penises, which they can use to scoop out any sperm they find inside their partner before depositing their own. Other dragonflies use their penises to tamp down or move the offending sperm, pushing it aside before he places his own in the ideal location for fertilization. Still, other dragonfly males will dilute any existing sperm they find. In all cases, his goal is to ensure that his sperm supersedes that of any prior partners she has had. Just to provide an added measure of security for his sperm, the male dragonfly will often guard the female until she oviposits her eggs. He tries to prevent her from mating with any other males, so his sperm is assured the last in position that will make him a father. Male damselflies will often continue to grasp their partners with their cerci, refusing to let go until she oviposits. Hell even endure a dunking in the pond if she submerges to place her eggs. Many dragonflies prefer to guard their partners by simply chasing off any approaching males, even engaging in wing-to-wing combat if necessary. Sources Paulson, Dennis. Dragonflies and Damselflies of the West. Princeton University Press, 2009.Resh, Vincent H., and Ring T. Carde, eds. Encyclopedia of Insects, 2nd ed., Academic Press, 2009.

News Analysis Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

News Analysis Paper - Essay Example As a result of this disaster, severe air, water and milk contamination incidents have been observed in Japan and United States with research relating deaths of infants and other horrendous diseases to Fukushima’s nuclear fallout. However, silence of governments of Japan, US and Canada and involvement of industry lobbyists in policy making and control mechanisms against nuclear fallouts have been heavily criticized by environmentalists. In addition to the article written about the Fukushima disaster, which elaborated it to be worse than anticipated (Huff), there are many other articles that can be used as supporting evidence for indicating faulty government approaches and risks arising because of it. It was found that due to the nuclear fallout caused by natural calamities in 2011, the operations of the nuclear plant in Fukushima have been suspended. Analysis of a similar subject by Martin Fackler stated that the nuclear plants are not expected to resume its operations anytime soon. Japan was considered as a substantial market player in nuclear energy due to its ability to cover power shortages with the help of nuclear power. Now the country that initiated this trend is now attempting to phase out nuclear energy gradually. However, the possibility of Japan completely moving out of the nuclear industry is most likely to be ruled out due to the magnitude of its nuclear operations (Davies). Although the nature of possible side effects remain unidentified, it can be ascertained that Japan’s government is taking measures to gain local authorities’ support before resuming its nuclear operations and mitigate the risks of such natural calamities in future. According to Mangano and Sherman, the said nuclear disaster has been a cause for deaths of infants in the United States with death toll equivalent to thousands. The same disaster has been considered to have a similar impact on environment as the Chernobyl meltdown in the 1980s. Apart from the fact s shared regarding death statistics, the article further reveals the possibility of increase in the number of deaths in United States due to Fukushima in the near future. This hypothesis was based on the increased number of reported influenza and pneumonia cases which showed a five time increment in the regular cases reported. Mangano and Sherman further shared the reasons for infants’ deaths including undeveloped immune systems and higher doses of radioisotopes. In addition to Mangano and Sherman sharing their concerns about Fukushima being equal to Chernobyl in death tolls, geologists and oceanographers have expected the overall impacts of the Fukushima fallout being higher than Chernobyl’s. The comparative study of the Baltic and Black Seas with reference to these two disasters states that the reading of radioisotopes is extremely high in the recent case (Wasserman). When most of the media coverage states the possible side effects of Fukushima on Japan, Canada and U S, they exclude to mention how most of other 55 Japanese nuclear reactors locating in or near the zones are susceptible to earthquakes. On the other hand, Mangano and Sherman have further stressed considering the death tolls of Chernobyl as well as Fukushima before designing or approving further nuclear reactors globally. Another study on the subject matter conducted by Harvey Wasserman describes how

This paper aims to define a class of consumers and to cater to their Essay

This paper aims to define a class of consumers and to cater to their wants and needs - Essay Example How to define a class of consumers' How to cater to their wants and needs' For an effective and efficient Marketing strategy, segmentation is an important tool, but segmentation research data precedes selection and segmentation methods models and procedures are based on customer profiles. Profiling requires certain pre-conditions and they are that a group of customers need specific products and there is nominal variance in their expectations. This will result in effective and profitable Targeting. There is the ultra-conservative type. This segment is highly consistent with their way of doing things. In their case any deviation might alienate them therefore it is very important to cater to them repeatedly in the same form and manner as the last time. Once established they seldom change preferences. They become wary if discounts are offered or premium charged as for them it translates into loss of consistency. Cost effectiveness is acceptable if it does not disturb the status quo and bulk offerings are acceptable on similar conditions. They are very negative towards complex offerings. Then there are the conservative ones who will veer towards the new or unknown only if it involves low risk and competitive pricing. They are neutral to complex offerings and prefer to stay within a wide band of preferences, making few experiments. Lastly the Liberals who would like to try anything new and w... They are neutral to complex offerings and prefer to stay within a wide band of preferences, making few experiments. Lastly the Liberals who would like to try anything new and willing to take up a challenging offer. For them the price is secondary and the end result is foremost. They are the daring types who will experiment with new offerings. The fundamental factors for an organization deciding on segmentation can be explained as: Similarity of customer needs and wants and the customers are willing to pay premium for the products. Customers cluster into groups by need (viz., Religion, Ethnicity, Race) Cost of serving may be higher but is lower than the customer expectations and thereby a premium price can cover that escalation Purchase Decisions Four different reasons influence a buyers' decision. They are also known as 7Ps as described by Kotler and Armstrong (1994) and Booms and Bitner (1981). This needs careful study to understand customer behaviour. 1 Product. The buyer is greatly influence if the product or service is perceived as useful for him. Sometimes it may not be of immediate use but its uniqueness is the attraction. Future valuation is also a decision making factor. 2 Price. The price is not usually a stand-alone factor. It has to be comparable with other products or services but with weight given to factors like quality and after sale service. It is often the case that the customer perceives the middle price to be the best for him/her as it is neither too outlandish nor too low to belie quality. There is also a play on the mind of the buyer that the product or service should not be mediocre and the price is usually the barometer of quality.

Case study Corporate social responsibility and NGOs ( International Essay

Case study Corporate social responsibility and NGOs ( International Business) - Essay Example Precisely, enterprises have operation chains that cut across different societies, communities, cultures and national frontiers where they encounter unique business environments that pose both challenges and opportunities; most importantly, multinational corporations must be responsive to the myriad social and ethical concerns in their specific environments of operations (Husted & Allen 2006 p.838). Ethics and social values are integral aspects of management since businesses have an obligation to take responsibility for the adverse effects of their actions and operations both on the local environment and on the populations in the global business environment (Bennett 2002, p.394). In view of the ambivalent nature of the global business environment, thanks to the challenges and opportunities of globalization and technological advancements, the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility has emerged as one of the crucial areas of management focus today (Lim & Tsutsui 2012, p.69). The heightened global focus on ethical behaviour and societal values implies that multinational corporations have to prove themselves as responsible global actors in their dealings in markets where their operations are hosted across the world. For that reason, multinational corporations the world over are increasingly paying more attention to Corporate Social Responsibility today more than ever before, par ticularly given its crucial significance in determining not only business success, but also enterprise survival in the long term (Branco and Rodrigues 2006, p.111). For all the good reasons conceivable, international businesses as well as organisations of various kinds are starting to explore the significance of pursuing a more proactive and comprehensive approach towards CSR as a solution to the myriad challenges of globalization, which undermine sustainable development (Herrmann 2004, p.205). Given that actions

Technologies to Analyze Big Data

Technologies to Analyze Big Data Hassan, Ruman Ul Currently, most of the companies like Facebook, Google, and Amazon are generating an extensive data and this data is termed as big data. In addition to the above mentioned sources, there are many other sources like banking, airlines, stock market, and digital media that generates big data. Nandimath, Patil, Banerjee, Kakade, and Vaidya (2013) state that the volume of data being generated daily is increasing rapidly and the size of this data is nearer to zeta bytes (p. 700). This means the size of the data is increasing quickly. This data holds a value that can benefits business organizations to improve their business stability and to increase their profit. However, this big data creates the problem of storage and processing. Prior to ten years ago, the data was stored and processed in a traditional database management system. This system is called as Relational Database Management System (RDBMS). After the rise of big data, it is really difficult for the RDBMS to process this large d ata. Thus, many researchers focuse their study in developing a technology that can effectively analyze the big data. After extensive research, Google has proposed a google file system for storing the big data and a map reduce algorithm for processing this data. Moreover, Nandimath et al. (2013) assert that Apache hadoop is used for distributed processing of big data (p. 700). This framework helps many organizations in efficiently analyzing their big data. Beside Hadoop, the other technologies that help in analyzing the big data are Pig, Hive, Hbase, Zoo Keeper, and Sqoop. Each tool has their own requirements, so the usage of these tools depends on the criticality of the data and the requirement of the organization or business. However, the three major technologies to analyze big data are hadoop, hive, and pig. Hadoop is one the major technologies to analyze the big data. It is the framework developed by Apache for processing extensive data sets. This framework helps business firms to effectively process their unstructured data like video, audio and image. In addition, this framework benefits many business organizations to improve their financial stability by effectively analyzing their data. Furthermore, the hadoop framework consists of two main components, hadoop distributed file system (HDFS) and map reduce programming paradigm. The function of HDFS is to store the comprehensive datasets in distributed environment. Distributed environment allows the developer to store the large data sets on multiple machines. Thus, it helps in improving the retrieval process of immense data. In addition, Nandimath et al. (2013) state that â€Å"Hadoop uses its own file system HDFS which facilitates fast transfer of data which can sustain node failure a whole† (p. 700). It also helps developer to o vercome the storage problem. For example, if immense data is stored on a single machine then it creates a problem of processing and retrieving because of its size. Thus, if that data is distributed on multiple machines then it provide an ease for the developer for processing and retrieving. Beside fast processing and retrieving, reliability is also a benefit of HDFS. HDFS achieve high reliability by replicating the data on different machines. Therefore, if any machine fails in distributed environment, then the data of that particular machine will be easily recovered through backups. According to Dittrich and Ruiz (2012), the benefit of map reduce is that developers need to define only single functions for map and reduce task (p. 2014). This map reduce paradigm helps developers to overcome the problem of efficiently processing the data. Moreover, Nandimath et al. (2013) believe that the purpose of map is to divide the job into smaller parts and distribute it to different nodes, while the purpose of reduce is to generate the desired result (p. 701). For instance, if Facebook wants to analyze the user interest then the Facebook will first deploy the generated data on HDFS and performs the map task to divide the zeta byte of data and then perform the reduce task to get the desired result. Thus, it shows that hadoop helps organizations for efficiently analyzing their extensive datasets. Another technology to analyze big data is hive. It is a data warehouse framework build upon hadoop. It provides an ability for the developer to structure and analyze the data. In hadoop, the data processing task is performed using Java programming language where as in hive, processing a task is performed using structured query language (SQL). In addition. Borkar, Carey, and Liu (2012) assert that â€Å"Hive is SQL-inspired and reported to be used for over 90% of the Facebook map reduce use cases† (p. 2). Thus, the main goal of hive is to process the data through SQL like interface. Moreover, the traditional SQL standards were restricting the hive from performing some intensive operations like extracting, transforming and loading the big data. As a result, hive developed their own query language called hive query language (HQL). Besides traditional SQL standards, HQL includes some specific hive extensions that provide an ease for the developer to effectively analyze the big data. Furthermore, hive helps developer to overcome the scalability issue by using distributed file system mechanism. It also helps them to achieve the fast response time through HQL. For example, general SQL statements like SELECT and INSERT will consume more time on traditional database management system for big data where as in hive the same operations can be performed efficiently. Moreover, Liu, Liu, Liu, and Li (2013) conclude that with precise system parameter tuning in hive, an acceptable performance can be achieved (p. 45). This means if the developer precisely changes the system parameters for analyzing the data, then performance efficiency can be improved for that task. Besides hadoop and hive, pig is also a major technology to analyze the big data. Pig allows the developer to analyze and process the enormous datasets quickly and easily through transformation. It is also called dataflow language. The pig framework is used along with HDFS and map reduce paradigm. The working of pig is similar to that of hive except the query language. In pig a task is performed using pig latin whereas in hive, the task is performed using HQL. The main benefit of pig is that pig latin queries can be integrated with other languages like Java, Jruby, and Python and it also allow users to define their own functions to perform the task as per their needs. Moreover, as pig is a dataflow language it helps developer to illustrate the data transformation process. For example, in pig it is easy to perform the data transformation operations like Split, Stream, and Group compare to SQL. In addition, the pig framework is divided into two parts pig latin language and pig interpret er. The pig latin is a query language to process big data. In addition, Lee, Lee, Choi, Chung, and Moon (2011) assert that in pig framework a task is processed using pig latin language (p. 14). The pig latin queries help developer to process the data efficiently and quickly. Another component of pig framework is pig interpreter. The work of interpreter is to convert the pig latin queries into map reduce jobs and also to evaluate the bugs in pig latin queries. For example, if Facebook developer writes the pig latin query to find the people in India that like rock music, then this query is first interpreted by pig interpreter to identify bugs and then it is converted to map reduce jobs. Thus, with the help of pig latin queries, developers can avoid the stress of writing a tedious code in java to perform the same action. In conclusion, the three technologies to process the big data are hadoop, hive, and pig. These frameworks help business organizations to find the value from their data. In addition, each technology is useful for performing a task differently. For instance, Apache Hadoop is useful for analyzing the offline data and it cannot process the real time data like banking data. Moreover, hive provides a SQL like interface that makes the processing a lot easier because the user does not have to write the lengthy tedious code. Hive is good for those user who are not good at programming and best in SQL. Similarly, pig also makes the processing task much easier for  users. All the map reduce jobs can be written in pig latin queries to get desired results. Therefore, organizations should select the technology based on their data formats and requirements. However, all these technologies help organizations to process and store their data efficiently.